HOMOEOPATHY FOR DYSPHAGIA

Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing, it takes more time and effort to move food or liquid from mouth to stomach. People who have dysphagia have trouble swallowing solid foods, liquids or saliva. They may not be able to swallow at all. Dysphagia can make it hard to take in enough calories and fluids to keep the body working properly.

Dysphagia can occur at any age, but it is more common in older adults.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms associated with dysphagia may include:

·         Having pain while swallowing

·         Being unable to swallow

·         Having the sensation of food getting stuck in throat or chest or behind sternum

·         Drooling

·         Being hoarse

·         Bringing food back up

·         Having frequent heartburn

·         Having food or stomach acid up into throat

·         Unexpectedly losing weight

·         Coughing or gagging when swallowing

·         Having to cut food into smaller pieces or avoiding certain foods because of trouble swallowing

Causes

Swallowing is complex, and a number of conditions can interfere with this process. Sometimes the cause of dysphagia can't be identified. However, dysphagia generally falls into one of the following categories.

Esophageal dysphagia

Esophageal dysphagia refers to the sensation of food sticking or getting hung up in the base of your throat or in your chest after you've started to swallow. Some of the causes of esophageal dysphagia include:

·         Achalasia. When your lower esophageal muscle (sphincter) doesn't relax properly to let food enter your stomach, it may cause you to bring food back up into your throat. Muscles in the wall of your esophagus may be weak as well, a condition that tends to worsen over time.

·         Diffuse spasm. This condition produces multiple high-pressure, poorly coordinated contractions of your esophagus, usually after you swallow. Diffuse spasm affects the involuntary muscles in the walls of your lower esophagus.

·         Esophageal stricture. A narrowed esophagus (stricture) can trap large pieces of food. Tumors or scar tissue, often caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), can cause narrowing.

• Esophageal tumors. Difficulty swallowing tends to get progressively worse when esophageal tumors are present.
• Foreign bodies. Sometimes food or another object can partially block your throat or esophagus. Older adults with dentures and people who have difficulty chewing their food may be more likely to have a piece of food become lodged in the throat or esophagus.
• Esophageal ring. A thin area of narrowing in the lower esophagus can intermittently cause difficulty swallowing solid foods.
• GERD. Damage to esophageal tissues from stomach acid backing up into your esophagus can lead to spasm or scarring and narrowing of your lower esophagus.
• Eosinophilic esophagitis. This condition, which may be related to a food allergy, is caused by an overpopulation of cells called eosinophils in the esophagus.
• Scleroderma. Development of scar-like tissue, causing stiffening and hardening of tissues, can weaken your lower esophageal sphincter, allowing acid to back up into your esophagus and cause frequent heartburn.
• Radiation therapy. This cancer treatment can lead to inflammation and scarring of the esophagus.

Oropharyngeal dysphagia

Certain conditions can weaken your throat muscles, making it difficult to move food from your mouth into your throat and esophagus when you start to swallow. You may choke, gag or cough when you try to swallow or have the sensation of food or fluids going down your windpipe (trachea) or up your nose. This may lead to pneumonia.

Causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia include:

·         Neurological disorders. Certain disorders — such as multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's disease — can cause dysphagia.

·         Neurological damage. Sudden neurological damage, such as from a stroke or brain or spinal cord injury, can affect your ability to swallow.

·         Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum (Zenker's diverticulum). A small pouch that forms and collects food particles in your throat, often just above your esophagus, leads to difficulty swallowing, gurgling sounds, bad breath, and repeated throat clearing or coughing.

·         Cancer. Certain cancers and some cancer treatments, such as radiation, can cause difficulty swallowing.

Risk factors

The following are risk factors for dysphagia:

·         Aging. Due to natural aging and normal wear and tear on the esophagus and a greater risk of certain conditions, such as stroke or Parkinson's disease, older adults are at higher risk of swallowing difficulties. But, dysphagia isn't considered a normal sign of aging.

·         Certain health conditions. People with certain neurological or nervous system disorders are more likely to experience difficulty swallowing.

Complications

Difficulty swallowing can lead to:

·         Malnutrition, weight loss and dehydration. Dysphagia can make it difficult to take in adequate nourishment and fluids.

·         Aspiration pneumonia. Food or liquid entering your airway when you try to swallow can cause aspiration pneumonia, because the food can introduce bacteria to the lungs.

·         Choking. When food gets stuck in the throat, choking can occur. If food completely blocks the airway, and no one intervenes with a successful Heimlich maneuver, death can occur.

HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES

Homoeopathy today is a rapidly growing system and is being practiced all over the world. It strength lies in its evident effectiveness as it takes a holistic approach towards the sick individual through promotion of inner balance  at mental, emotional, spiritual and physical levels. When DYSPHAGIA is concerned there are many effective medicines available in Homoeopathy , but the selection depends upon the individuality of the patient , considering mental and physical symptoms.

 

ALUMINA: Dry and sore throat. Food cannot pass, esophagus contracted. Feels as if splinter or plug were in throat.  Swallowing painful, worse solids. Better from empty swallowing , warm drinks. Constant inclination to clear the throat.

ANACARDIUM ORIENTALE: Swallows food and drinks hastily. Food descends the wrong way.

BAPTISIA TINCTORA:  Cn swallow liquids only, least solid food gags. Ragged ulcers in throat.  Constriction at cardiac orifice of esophagus. Constrictive feeling in throat causing frequent efforts at swallowing.

BARYTA CARBONICA :  Can swallow liquids only. Pain in throat, worse empty swallowing. Spasm of esophagus when food enters esophagus, causes gagging and choking.

BELLADONNA : Swallowing difficult, worse liquids.  Throat feels constricted. Muscles of swallowing very sensitive. Drinks in sips. Must take a drink to swallow solid food. When swallowing bends head forward and lifts up knees. Esophagus is dry, feels contracted, spasms in throat. .

CACTUS GRANDIFLORUS: Constriction of esophagus, must drink to swallow. Needs much liquid to get food down. Feeling of warmth about throat.

DIPHTHERINUM. Swallows without pain, but fluids are either vomited or are returned through the nose.

HYOSCYAMUS NIGER: Constriction of throat. Inability to swallow liquids, solid and warm food better. Fluids come out of the nose or go into larynx. Stinging and dryness in throat.

KALI CARBONICUM:  Stricture of esophagus. Swallowing difficult. Food slowly descends, remains half way in esophagus with gagging and vomiting. Small particles of food go easily in windpipe.  Stitching pain in throat as from fish bone.

LACHESIS: Difficulty in swallowing liquids even saliva. Choking in throat when swallowing. Cannot swallow sweet or acrid things. Feeling as if something was swollen which must be swallowed, worse swallowing liquids or saliva. Constriction in throat , better eating. Pain and swelling in throat.