NEW ANALYSIS OF HUMAN GENETIC HISTORY REVEALS FEMALE DOMINANCE

-


Female populations have been larger than male populations throughout human history, according to research published today in the open access journal Investigative Genetics. The research used a new technique to obtain higher quality paternal genetic information to analyze the demographic history of males and females in worldwide populations.

The study compared the paternally-inherited Y chromosome (NRY) with maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 623 males from 51 populations. The analysis showed that female populations were larger before the out-of-Africa migration and remained so throughout almost all subsequent migrations. The main drivers of this trend are likely to be processes such as polygyny, where one male mates with many females, and the fact that in most societies, women tend to move to live with their husbands. This has resulted in females making a greater genetic contribution to the global population than males.
Previous research on genetic history has used different techniques to analyze NRY and mtDNA, which has led to an ascertainment bias in the results. In this study, researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology developed a high-resolution Y chromosome sequencing assay that allowed them to get paternal and maternal histories of similar quality and resolution, so they could make a direct comparison. The results confirmed previous findings that when comparing human populations on a global scale, there are greater genetic differences in paternal NRY than in mtDNA. However, these differences are not as large as previously thought and the authors were surprised to see substantial variation in relative amounts of NRY vs. mtDNA differentiation at the regional level.
The authors argue that using this new technique, greater analysis can be undertaken at a regional level to create a clearer picture of the paternal and maternal influences on specific populations. In the African populations they studied, they saw lower paternal genetic diversity, which may be a direct result of the Bantu expansion into eastern and southern Africa beginning about three thousand years ago. In samples taken from the Americas, initial results suggest higher maternal genetic diversity, indicating that there were fewer males than females among the original colonizers.
Dr. Mark Stoneking, Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute, an author on the paper, said: "Our new sequencing technique removes previous biases, giving us a richer source of information about our genetic history. It allows us to take a closer look at the regional differences in populations, providing insights into the impact of sex-biased processes on human genetic variation."


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

EASY PRESCRIBER 2ND EDITION

-
Image
EASY PRESCRIBER 2 ND EDITION OF THE BEST-SELLER Author: Dr. K S Gopi, BSc, BHMS, MD. Former Professor Govt. Homoeopathic Medical College Kozhikode, Kerala. India. SALIENT FEATURES ·        More additions, including Covid-19, and more psychiatric diseases ·        A practical guide for practitioners and medical students. ·        Includes almost all disease conditions and their Homeopathic Management ·        Special arrangement of medicines will help easy selection of remedy and potency. ·        Dose and repetition of dose is clearly mentioned in each disease ·        Crown ¼ size, 980 pages, doble colour printing and hard bound, PRICE: Rs .2250 (India), $ 100 FOR COPIES CONTACT - email-plantmedicines@yahoo.com, WhatsApp-+919207011814, Amazon.in, Homeomart.com  
Read more

HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES FOR DE QUERVAIN'S TENOSYNOVITIS

-
Image
De Quervain's tenosynovitis  is a painful condition affecting the tendons on the thumb side of your wrist. If you have de Quervain's tenosynovitis, it will probably hurt when you turn your wrist, grasp anything or make a fist. Although the exact cause of de Quervain's tenosynovitis isn't known, any activity that relies on repetitive hand or wrist movement — such as working in the garden, playing golf or racket sports, or lifting your baby — can make it worse. Causes- Chronic overuse of your wrist is commonly associated with de Quervain's tenosynovitis. Tendons are rope-like structures that attach muscle to bone. When you grip, grasp, clench, pinch or wring anything in your hand, two tendons in your wrist and lower thumb normally glide smoothly through the small tunnel that connects them to the base of the thumb. Repeating a particular motion day after day may irritate the sheath around the two tendons, causing thickening and swelling that restricts their m...
Read more

HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES FOR IMPETIGO

-
Image
Impetigo  is a common and highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and children. Impetigo usually appears as red sores on the face, especially around a child's nose and mouth, and on hands and feet. The sores burst and develop honey-colored crusts. Causes - Impetigo is most often caused by staphylococcus aureus. Non –bullous impetigo can also be caused by group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pyogenes. The  bacteria that cause impetigo when you come into contact with the sores of someone who's infected or with items they've touched — such as clothing, bed linen, towels and even toys. Symptoms - Classic signs and symptoms of impetigo involve red sores that quickly rupture, ooze for a few days and then form a yellowish-brown crust. The sores usually occur around the nose and mouth but can be spread to other areas of the body by fingers, clothing and towels. Itching and soreness are generally mild. A less common form of the disorder...
Read more