GENE DISCOVERED THAT REDUCES RISK OF STROKE
Scientists have
discovered a gene that protects people against one of the major causes of
stroke in young and middle-aged adults and could hold the key to new treatments.
Researchers
from Royal Holloway, University of London, together with an international team
from across the United States and Europe, have found that people with a
specific variant of a gene, known as PHACTR1, are at reduced risk of suffering
cervical artery dissection, which is caused by a tear in an artery that leads
to the brain.
The
new discovery, published in the journal Nature Genetics, could lead to new treatments
and prevention strategies for the disease, which is a major cause of stroke in
young adults. The same gene variant has also been identified as a protector
against migraines and affects the risk of heart attack.
Professor
Pankaj Sharma, from the School of Biological Sciences at Royal Holloway, said:
"This is an important breakthrough. Our findings provide us with a greater
understanding of how this region of the genome appears to influence key
vascular functions, which could have major implications for the treatment of
these severe and disabling conditions. "
In
the largest study of its kind ever undertaken, researchers from around the
world screened the entire genome of 1,400 patients with cervical artery
dissection, along with 14,400 people without the disease. Cervical artery
dissection can lead to compression of adjacent nerves and to blood clotting,
potentially causing blockage of vessels and brain damage.
Professor
Sharma, Professor of Clinical Neurology at Royal Holloway, added: "Further
genetic analyses and worldwide collaborations of this kind provide hope of
pinpointing the underlying mechanisms that cause stroke. The Bio-Repository of
DNA in Stroke (BRAINS) study I am leading is creating a large stroke DNA
biobank which will give an exciting opportunity to identify the genes directly
linked to the condition."
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