PART OF BRAIN STAYS YOUTHFUL IN OLD AGE
At least one part of the human brain may be
able to process information the same way in older age as it does in the prime
of life, according to new research conducted at the University of Adelaide.
A study compared the
ability of 60 older and younger people to respond to visual and non-visual
stimuli in order to measure their "spatial attention" skills.
Spatial attention is
critical for many aspects of life, from driving, to walking, to picking up and
using objects.
"Our studies have
found that older and younger adults perform in a similar way on a range of
visual and non-visual tasks that measure spatial attention," says Dr
Joanna Brooks, who conducted the study as a Visiting Research Fellow with the
University of Adelaide's School of Psychology and the School of Medicine.
"Both younger
(aged 18-38 years) and older (55-95 years) adults had the same responses for
spatial attention tasks involving touch, sight or sound.
"In one task,
participants were asked to feel wooden objects whilst blindfolded and decide
where the middle of the object was -- participants' judgements were
significantly biased towards the left-hand side of the true object centre. This
bias is subtle but highly consistent," Dr Brooks says.
"When we think of
ageing, we think not just of the physical aspects but also the cognitive side
of it, especially when it comes to issues such as reaction time, which is
typically slower among older adults. However, our research suggests that
certain types of cognitive systems in the right cerebral hemisphere -- like
spatial attention -- are 'encapsulated' and may be protected from ageing,"
she says.
Dr Brooks, who is now
a Research Fellow in Healthy Ageing based at the Australian National
University, recently presented her results at the 12th International Cognitive
Neuroscience Conference in Brisbane. Her project is part of an international
collaboration with scientists at the University of Edinburgh and Queen Margaret
University in Scotland to better understand spatial attention in the human
brain.
"Our results
challenge current models of cognitive ageing because they show that the right
side of the brain remains dominant for spatial processing throughout the entire
adult lifespan," Dr Brooks says. "We now need to better understand
how and why some areas of the brain seem to be more affected by ageing than
others."
Dr Brooks' research
could also be helpful in better understanding how diseases such as Alzheimer's
affect the brain.
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